Under specific conditions, sodium persulfate can be activated and decomposed to generate highly oxidizing free radicals. These free radicals possess an extremely high redox potential and can destroy the molecular structure of organic pollutants through electron transfer, hydrogen abstraction, or addition reactions. This process gradually oxidizes and degrades complex organic pollutants into relatively simple and harmless substances, thereby achieving the goal of pollution control.

This transformation is not a simple physical mixing process but is accomplished through a series of chemical reactions. The strongly oxidizing free radicals react with specific structures in organic molecules, gradually breaking the bonds between molecules and decomposing macromolecular organics into small-molecule substances. As the reaction proceeds, these small-molecule substances are further oxidized and eventually converted into environmentally harmless components, realizing the purification of contamination.

The sodium persulfate produced by Fujian ZhanHua Chemical has a purity of over 99%, with impurity content (such as iron and heavy metals) far below the industry average. Its high purity and low impurity content contribute to a more efficient and stable progression of this degradation process.

pH Value: The pH of the system is one of the key regulatory factors, as it significantly affects the activation efficiency of sodium persulfate, the generation pathway of free radicals, and their stability. For instance, acidic conditions are generally conducive to the activation of transition metals to produce sulfate free radicals (SO₄•⁻), while strongly alkaline conditions may promote the conversion of sulfate free radicals to hydroxyl free radicals (•OH) or trigger alkali activation. In practical applications, the pH of the system should be adjusted through appropriate methods based on the selected activation method and pollutant characteristics, ensuring it falls within the range favorable for the generation of target free radicals and the degradation of pollutants.

Temperature: Increasing temperature typically accelerates the decomposition of sodium persulfate and the generation rate of free radicals, thereby enhancing the degradation reaction rate. However, it is important to adjust the temperature to an appropriate range. Excessively high temperatures can intensify the ineffective decomposition of sodium persulfate and free radicals, significantly reducing the agent utilization efficiency and pollutant removal effect, while also potentially increasing energy consumption and by-products. Therefore, temperature regulation must be combined with actual conditions to strike a balance between efficiency, cost, and side reactions.

The use of activators is a core means to improve the efficiency of sodium persulfate. Common types of activators and their mechanisms of action include:

Transition Metal Ions: The most commonly used is Fe²⁺, which directly activates sodium persulfate to generate SO₄•⁻ through single-electron transfer. It is necessary to control the dosage to avoid free radical quenching, and iron sludge may be produced during the process.

Heat: Heat provides energy to promote the cleavage of the O-O bond in sodium persulfate, generating active free radicals. This method is suitable for scenarios with heat sources or where heating is feasible.

Alkali: Under strongly alkaline conditions, OH⁻ can activate sodium persulfate to generate active species such as •OH and SO₄•⁻.

When selecting an activator, comprehensive consideration should be given to the characteristics of the contaminated environment, the type of organic substances, and the properties of sodium persulfate. This ensures that the activator can exert the optimal efficiency-enhancing effect while preventing secondary pollution to the environment.

The dosing method of sodium persulfate also has a significant impact on its effectiveness. In practical operations, either one-time dosing or fractional dosing can be selected based on the contamination scope and severity. For areas with severe and extensive contamination, fractional dosing can better control the reaction process, avoiding the ineffective self-decomposition of free radicals caused by excessively high local concentrations of sodium persulfate due to one-time dosing. This thereby improves the agent utilization rate and overall remediation effect. In addition, attention should be paid to the dispersibility of the agent during dosing; appropriate measures can be taken to ensure uniform diffusion of the agent in the contaminated medium, allowing it to fully contact the pollutants and exert its degradation effect.

Combined with the aforementioned efficiency-enhancing key points for sodium persulfate, the following considerations should be taken into account during project implementation:

① The activator ratio should be adjusted according to the soil organic matter content (higher activator dosage is required for soil with high organic matter content);

② Small-scale tests should be conducted before construction to determine the optimal pH and agent concentration;

③ The sulfate produced may affect soil osmotic pressure, so subsequent ecological risks need to be evaluated.

By scientifically applying efficiency-enhancing techniques such as optimizing reaction conditions (pH, temperature), rationally selecting activators, and optimizing agent dosing methods, the remediation efficiency of sodium persulfate can be significantly improved. In practical applications, selecting high-purity and stable-quality sodium persulfate products is one of the basic conditions for ensuring remediation effects. As a professional sodium persulfate manufacturer, Fujian ZhanHua Chemical has always focused on providing high-quality products for the soil remediation field. Relying on sophisticated production processes and strict quality control systems, Fujian ZhanHua Chemical ensures that its sodium persulfate products can demonstrate excellent performance in complex and variable contaminated environments, providing solid and reliable support for soil remediation work.